Bue¡l B¯m¡u : 3

c§¯l Hh¡l

1950-Hl ¯L¡e pj¯u p¤¤i¡o j¤¯M¡f¡dÉ¡u LmL¡a¡l f¡LÑp¡LÑ¡p juc¡¯e HL¢V L¢ha¡ pi¡u e¡¢Sj ¢qLj¯al Cw¯l¢S¯a Ae§¢ca L¢ha¡l L¯uLV¡ ¯g¡¯V¡L¢f ¯L¡e pa£bÑ L¢h¯L ¯cM¡¢µR¯me z a¡yl pa£bÑ j¤‡ q¯u¢R¯me e¡¢Sj ¢qLja f¯s z L¯uL j¡¯pl j¯dÉC p¤¤i¡¯ol Ae¤h¡¯c ¯hl q¯m¡ e¡¢Sj ¢qLj¯al L¢ha¡ z

e¡¢Sj ¢qLj¯al fËp‰ ¯V¯e Bem¡j AeÉ L¡l¯Z z e¡¢Sj plL¡l¢h¯l¡¢da¡l L¡l¯Z ¯Sm ¯M¯V¯Re A¯eLh¡l z ¯S¯m ¢m¯M¯Re L¢ha¡ z AeÉœ J z B¯l¡ L¢We, ¢h¢d¢e¯o¯dl ¯hs¡ ¯f¢l¯u z ¯n¡e¡ k¡u HLh¡l fË¡u HL hRl ¯L¡e HL¢V S¡q¡¯Sl h¡bl¦¯j h¾c£ ¢R¯me z Hhw ¯pM¡e ¯b¯LJ e¡¢Sj L¢ha¡ ¢m¯M¯Re z

HCdl¯el j¡l¡aÈL ¢eu¿»¯Zl HLV¡ S£h¯el Lb¡ j¡¯T j¡¯T i¡¢h z aMe j¯e qu, k¢c ¯p pj¯u Bj¡¯L p¯‰ 2/3 ¯V hC ¢e¯a ¯cJu¡ qu, ¢L ¢L ¯h¯R ¯eh ? AhnÉC ¢heu jS¥jc¡¯ll "¢g¯l H¯p¡ Q¡L¡', B¯l¡ c¤¯V¡ - pįcn ¯p¯el "l¡M¡ q¯u¯R Ljm¡¯mh¤' J EvfmL¥j¡l hp¤l "f¤l£ ¢p¢lS' z BS fs¢R ü¯cn ¯p¯el HL¢V L¢ha¡; Bp¯m f¤eÑfWe J f¤el¦¯õM z

e£m lh¡¯ll b¡h¡ f¯s ¯N¯R HCph BL¡¯nl N¡¯u
¢Li¡¯h ¯k ¯M¯m ¯N¯R nl¯al ka i¡¯m¡
                    ka ¢LR¥ B¯m¡
d¡j¡Q¡f¡ R¥¢V H¯p M¡s¡ qJ
       Bj¡¯cl ¯hs¡¯e¡l HL¯no L¯l¡
f¡q¡s ¯cM¡J , Sm, ¯hq¡m¡ L¡¯Wl N¡R…¢m z

¢LR¥C ¢R¯m¡ e¡ ¯L¡e - ¯c¢M¢e ö¢e¢e ¢LR¥ L¡¯e
Bj¡¯cl HC SeÈ - HC ¢L p¡¯dl SeÈ - f¯s ¢N¯u B¯R
fËb¯jC ph i¡h Q¯V k¡u
             fËb¯jC na L¡ala¡

¢L ¯k k¡-a¡ q¯u ¯N¯m¡
q'me¡ ¯a¡ h¤L ¯b¯L, ¯Q¡M ¯b¯L
     i¡l£ Sm ¯b¯L ¢LR¥ f¡Ju¡ z

Bj¡¯cl ¢c¯a b¡¯L¡ HCph - ea¥¯el ¯b¯LJ ea¥e
HLh¡l R¡s c¡J - Bh¡l eSl c¡J Bj¡¯cl ¢c¯L
HLj¡p Q¡f¡ M¤¢n
HLj¡p ¯ke hs p¤¤M
      ¯l¡N¡ j¡e¤¯ol B¢j
Q¡¢l¢c¯L BSL¡m, B¯l¡ La ¢ce z

(c§¯l Hh¡l / ü¯cn ¯pe)

L¢ha¡l nl£¯l d¯l A¯eL¢LR¥ L¡lZ a¡l HLV¡ ¢eSü Ae¤på¡e b¡¯L phÑc¡ z HC A¯eÄoZ R¡s¡ L¢ha¡l ¯L¡e ¯f±yR ¯eC, ¯L¡e L«¢a ¯eC z A¯eL A¯eÄo¯Zl j¯dÉ p¤¤¾c¯ll ¯M¡ySC ph¯Q¯u ü¡i¡¢hL, pqS¡a z B¯l¡ HLV¡ Se¢fËu ¯M¡yS b¡¯L L¢ha¡u, ¯pV¡ p¯aÉl z Seja HC ¯k paÉ J p¤¤¾cl A¯eLV¡ H¯L A¯eÉl f¢lf§lL z gma: H¯Ll ¯M¡yS A¯eÉl nl£¯l ¢j¯n k¡u z M¤h p¡j¡eÉ HL Lb¡u ü¯cn ¯p¯el L¢ha¡¯L hm¯a ¯N¯m p¤¤¾c¯ll j¯eC q¡a fs¯h z HLV¡ Ae¡¢hm , ü¡i¡¢hL i¡¯m¡m¡N¡l ¢Qq²p§œ M¤y¯S Q¯m¯R a¡l p¡l¡S£h¯el L¢ha¡ z ¯L¡b¡u ¯p p¤¤¾cl ! ü¯cn ¯pe HM¡¯eC ¢iæ¯cl ¯b¯L ¢h¢iæ z a¡yl p¤¤¾c¯ll ¢WL¡e¡ n¢š² Q¯–¡f¡dÉ¡¯ul ïjZR¢hl N¡¯u ¯mM¡ eu z ¯pC p¤¤¾cl a¡l Q¡lf¡¯nl Acªø hý °c¢eL¢Q¯œl ü¡c-N¯ål j¯dÉ z ¯hs¡¯a ¢N¯u f¯s f¡Ju¡ p¤¤¾cl eu , ¯Q¡¯Ml p¡j¯e ¯k "ea¥¯el ¯Q¯uJ ea¥e', ¯p z ¯l¡SL¡l S£h¯el L¥¯V¡¢QœNåü¡¯cl j¯dÉ HLV¡ a¥j¤m i¡¯m¡m¡N¡ z H¯LL¢ce¯L ¯f¢l¯u ¢N¯u f¡Ju¡ HL ¢iæal AeÉ¢ce z HC ü¯cn ¯pe z k¡ a¡yl L¢ha¡¯L pjp¡j¢uL¯cl j¯dÉ Aa¥me£u L¯l ¯l¯M ¯Nm z

pjÙ¹ L¢hl L¢ha¡u HLV¡ RL b¡¯L z LM¯e¡ ¯p RL p¡l¡S£h¯eJ hcm¡u e¡ , LM¯e¡h¡ f¯hÑ f¯hÑ hc¯m k¡u z ü¯cn ¯p¯el L¢ha¡ fs¯a hp¯mC ¯k RLV¡ B¢j ¯cM¯a f¡C a¡l Lb¡ HLV¥ B¯NC hmm¡j - HLV¡ ¯Qe¡ Buae , HLV¡ °ce¢¾ce f¢l¢j¢a k¡¯L Aehla A¢aœ²j Ll¡ k¡u z L¢hC L¯le z Ec¡qlZ -

C¯µR L¯l
Aehl¯al X¡L X¡¢L
ph ¢e¯u X¡L¯a E¢W Bh¡lL¡l X¡L
¢e¯u l¡¢M pj¯Ù¹l ¯ial ¯b¯L ph
¢h¾c¥ , ¯lM¡, ¯L¡Z z
S¯ml kMe Jfl ¯b¯L e£Q ¯eC
A¯eL Aehla pju
¯M¡m¡ ¯Qu¡l…¢m i¡yS qu
Bl ¯h¢l¯u B¯p ¯h¢l¯u k¡Ju¡ z

HL m¡Ce c§l¯aÆl Jf¯l HLV¡ f¡¢M H¯p ¯L¡e Apñh j¡f ¢e¯u E¯s k¡u z

(hs Bp¡ k¡Ju¡)

k¡¯L pjL¡m£e mÉ¡¯‰¡¯uS J ¯f¡ØV-mÉ¡¯‰¡¯uS j¡¢LÑZ L¢hl¡ h¯me - "theory of meaning production ' a¡l pw‘¡ h¡wm¡ L¢ha¡¯aJ hý¢ce z n¯ël ¯M¡m ¯b¯L B¯l¡ p¤¤ü¡c¤ A¯bÑl j¡wn M¤y¢Q¯u ¯hl L¯l Be¡C ea¥e h¡ fl£r¡¢i¢šL L¢ha¡l L¡S z ¢k¢e ¯pV¡ ü¡c¤ jpªZa¡u ka Ae¡u¡¯p L¯le a¡yl L¢ha¡l …Z aa ¯h¢n z fl£r¡ ¯k q¯µR ¯pV¡ Aehd¡e f¡WL¯L phpju ¯h¡T¡¯e¡l ¢L clL¡l ? ü¯cn ¯pe¯L ea¥¯el i¨a m¡N¡ al¦Zl¡ ¯k ¢eu¢ja f¤¯S¡ L¯le HV¡C a¡l fËd¡e L¡lZ z ¯L±a¨qm£ f¡WL fËnÀ Ll¯he - ¢Li¡¯h ea¥e ?

ü¯cn A¯eL…¯m¡ ¢S¢eo L¯le, M¤h p¿¹Ñf¯Z Hhw Q¨s¡¿¹lLj ¢eM¤yai¡¯h z a¡yl ¢e¯Sl i¡o¡¯aC h¢m - "H fª¢bh£¯a k¡l p¡j¯e B¢j q¡a a¥¯m c¡ys¡C ¯p HL p¤¤¾cl k¤¢š² .. the best reasoning...the best reasoning and the best judgement ...z ' ¯pC ¯nËù k¤¢š²på¡e ¯a¡ l¯u¯RC , a¡l p¯‰ B¯l¡ ¢LR¥ °nm£ z ¯kje cªnÉ, k¤¢š², në J p¯aÉl fË¢agme z Bj¡l HLc¡ BVÑ-¢nrL LjmL¥j¡l jS¥jc¡l HLpju HLV¡ ¯R¡V HL L¡jl¡l O¯l b¡L¯ae c¢rZ ¯L¡mL¡a¡u z ¯a¡, ¯ppju ¢a¢e, HL¢ce Ll¯me ¢L, a¡yl OlV¡ Bue¡l L¡yQ ¢c¯u j¤¢s¯u ¢c¯me, A¯eLV¡ Nue¡l ¯c¡L¡¯el ja, k¢cJ AaÉ¿¹ ¢nÒfpÇjai¡¯h ¯p hm¡C h¡ýmÉ z ¯LE ¢S¯‘p Ll¯m hm¯ae - "h¡h¤, Bue¡l Ol hs qu ' z ¢WL Hi¡¯hC ü¯cn ¯pe a¡yl L¢ha¡l Ol hs L¯le z a¡yl L¡hÉi¡o¡¯L B¯l¡ ¢hØg¡¢la L¯le z paÉ ¢L hm¡l p¯‰ p¯‰C ¢jbÉ¡l Lb¡ hm¯a qu ; "¯h¢l¯u k¡Ju¡' ¯h¡T¡¯a hm¯a qu "¯h¢l¯u Bp¡l' Lb¡ z HC ¯c¡V¡¯e i¡o¡ mð¡ qu, a¡l N¡¯u …Z m¡¯N, ¯kjeV¡ ¢R¯m¡ e¡ ¯ajei¡¯h h¡wm¡ L¢ha¡u z HL¡¢dL Ec¡qlZ ¯cJu¡ k¡u , k¡l L¯uLV¡ HlLj -

B¯fm O¤¢j¯u B¯R J¯L a¥¢j c¡ya ¢c¯u S¡N¡J ........

HLV¡ O¡¯pl L¡uc¡u c¡y¢s¯u öe¯m c¤C L¡¯e H S£he ¯b¯L JC AeÉ S£he Lb¡ z.......

he¢hi¡¯Nl n£¯a L¡l N¡¢s M¡¢m N¡¢s k¡u .......

q¡mL¡ fËL«¢a J a¡l i¡l ¯cM¡ N¡¯Rl e£¯Q N¡¯Rl fË¢ag¢ma f¡a¡ z.......

HL f¡¢M J¯s¡ a¥¢j Bl f¡¢M ¢g¯l J¯s¡ q¡S¡¯ll ¢c¯L .......

c¤NÑ¡f¤¯S¡ H¢N¯u H¯m¡ z Hpj¯ul ØjlZ£u ka L¢ha¡ a¡l j¯dÉ ü¯cn ¯p¯el ¯mM¡ "c§¯l Hh¡l' L¢ha¡V¡C ph¯Q¯u ¯h¢n j¯e f¯s z LmL¡a¡ ¯b¯L ¢LR¥ c§¯l ¯k¯a je Q¡u ¯kM¡e ¯b¯L ¯cM¡ k¡u JC "e£m lh¡¯ll b¡h¡' …¯m¡ z ¯kM¡e ¯b¯L ¯Vl f¡Ju¡ k¡u "nl¯al ka ¢LR¥ i¡¯m¡ 'z ¯hq¡m¡l J ¯k HLV¡ L¡W B¯R , a¡lJ ¯k B¢c¯a HLV¡ N¡R ¢Rm a¡l Lb¡ , BQjL¡ B¢h×L«a R¥¢Vl Lb¡ j¯e f¯s z HCphC ü¯cn ¯p¯el ¢eaÉ "ea¥e' k¡l p塯e ¯L¯V HLV¡ ¯N¡V¡ ¢eSÑe L¢hS£he z ¯n¯o ¯k hm¯me - "Q¡¢l¢c¯L BSL¡m, B¯l¡ La ¢ce '; HC EµQ¡lZV¡C ü¯cn ¯pe ¯L Bm¡c¡ L¯l z Hje L¯l ¯LE h¯me e¡, HLV¡ Q¡m¤, BmN¡ Lb¡l hÉLlZ¯L AÒf f¡¯ÒV ¢e¯u AeÉ A¯bÑl g¥m ¯g¡V¡e e¡ L¢ha¡u z pj¯ul ¯Q±q¢Ÿ¯a mÉ¡ä¯úf By¯Le e¡ ¯LE ü¯c¯nl ja z

ü¯cn ¯p¯el L¢ha¡ ¢e¯u ka B¯m¡Qe¡ ka j¡a¡j¡¢a qh¡l Lb¡ ¢Rm aa qu¢ez L¢h ¢e¯SC a¡l hs L¡lZ z ü¯cn M¤h AÒf hup ¯b¯LC h¡wm¡l h¡C¯l S¡j¯ncf¤¯l l¯u¯Re z HLL¡¯m LjÉ¥¢eØV f¡¢VÑl pcpÉ ¢R¯me z a¯h ¯p p¡j¡eÉ ¯R¯mL¡¯m z S¡j¯ncf¤l J a¡l Bnf¡¯nl j¤š², l¦r-ph¤S fËL«¢a ¯b¯LC a¡yl L¢ha¡l Aehla ¢ipÉ¥u¡m, Be¾c, B¯jS J qoÑ z HL¢c¯L HC f¢l¯hn ¯kje p¡l¡S£he a¡yl L¢ha¡l önË¥o¡ L¯l ¯Nm AeÉ¢c¯L ¯aj¢e ü¯cn ¯pe m¤¢L¯u lC¯me c§l-h¡wm¡l ¯hs¡l d¡¯l z S¡j¯ncf¤¯ll L¡NS…¯m¡¯aC ¢mM¯me A¢eu¢ja z ¯nËù L¢ha¡h¢m "¯L±lh' f¢œL¡u z flhaÑ£L¡¯m "L¡¢mj¡¢V' f¢œL¡u z LmL¡a¡l L¡R¡L¡¢R J ¯N¯me e¡ ¯L¡e¢ce z k¡yl¡ a¡yl L¢ha¡ fs¯me a¡¯cl A¢dL¡wn ¯L¡e¢ce ¯Q¡¯MJ ¯cM¯me e¡ ü¯cn ¯pe ¯L z